Phylogenetic placement of Leprariacryptovouauxii sp. nov. (Lecanorales, Lecanoromycetes, Ascomycota) with notes on other Lepraria species from South America.

Leprariacryptovouauxii is described as a new semicryptic species similar to L.vouauxii , from which it differs geographically (South America) and phylogenetically; both species differ in nucleotide position characters in nucITS barcoding marker. Leprariaharrisiana is reported as new to South America and L.nothofagi as new to Antarctica, Bolivia, and Peru. Leprariaincana (South American records are referred to L.aff.hodkinsoniana) and L.vouauxii (most South American records are referred to L.cryptovouauxii ) should be excluded at least temporarily from the lichen list of South America. All records previously referred to as L.alpina from Bolivia and Peru belong to L.nothofagi . Most of Bolivian records of L.pallida belong to L.harrisiana . Leprariaborealis and L.caesioalba should be included in L.neglecta. Leprariaachariana , L.impossibilis , and L.sipmaniana are sequenced for the first time.