Triarylborane-Based Helical Donor-Acceptor Compounds: Synthesis, Photophysical, and Electronic Properties.

The synthesis and characterization of 10-(dimesitylboryl)-N,N-di-p-tolylbenzo[c]phenanthren-4-amine (3-B(Mes) ₂ -[4]helix-9-N(p-Tol) ₂ 1) and 13-(dimesitylboryl)-N,N-di-p-tolyldibenzo[c,g]phenanthren-8-amine (3-B(Mes) ₂ -[5]helix-12-N(p-Tol) ₂ 2) are reported herein. Their electrochemical and photophysical properties have been studied experimentally and theoretically. The donor and acceptor-substituted helicene derivatives exhibit moderate fluorescence quantum yields in THF (Φ _f =0.48 and 0.61 for 1 and 2, respectively), which are higher than unsubstituted ones (Φ _f =0.18 for [4]helicene; Φ _f <0.05 for [n]helicenes (n≥5)). In the solid state, the Φ _f values are higher (Φ _f =1.00 and 0.55 for 1 and 2, respectively) than those in solution, most likely due to the restrictions of molecular motions. The S ₁ ←S ₀ transitions of 1 and 2 are predominately HOMO→LUMO transitions. Upon excitation with UV light, the interplanar angle between the two terminal aryl rings of the [5]helix core of 2 decreases (S ₁ state compared with S ₀ state), which is similar to placing a spring under an external force.
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