Hsp70-nucleotide exchange factor (NEF) Fes1 has non-NEF roles in degradation of gluconeogenic enzymes and cell wall integrity.

Fes1 is a conserved armadillo repeat-containing Hsp70 nucleotide exchange factor important for growth at high temperature, proteasomal protein degradation and prion propagation. Depleting or mutating Fes1 induces a stress response and causes defects in these processes that are ascribed solely to disruption of Fes1 regulation of Hsp70. Here, we find Fes1 was essential for degradation of gluconeogenic enzymes by the vacuole import and degradation (Vid) pathway and for cell wall integrity (CWI), which is crucial for growth at high temperature. Unexpectedly, Fes1 mutants defective in physical or functional interaction with Hsp70 retained activities that support Vid and CWI. Fes1 and the Fes1 mutants bound to the Vid substrate Fbp1 in vitro and captured Slt2, a signaling kinase that regulates CWI, from cell lysates. Our data show that the armadillo domain of Fes1 binds proteins other than Hsp70, that Fes1 has important Hsp70-independent roles in the cell, and that major growth defects caused by depleting Fes1 are due to loss of these functions rather than to loss of Hsp70 regulation. We uncovered diverse functions of Fes1 beyond its defined role in regulating Hsp70, which points to possible multi-functionality among its conserved counterparts in other organisms or organelles.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.