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Discovery of novel indolylarylsulfones as potent HIV-1 NNRTIs via structure-guided scaffold morphing.
- Source :
-
European journal of medicinal chemistry [Eur J Med Chem] 2019 Nov 15; Vol. 182, pp. 111619. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Aug 14. - Publication Year :
- 2019
-
Abstract
- For more in-depth exploration of the chemical space around the entrance channel of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT), a series of novel indolylarylsulfones (IASs) bearing different chiral N-substituted pyrrolidine, azetidine or substituted sulfonamide groups at indole-2-carboxamide were designed and synthesized as potent HIV NNRTIs by structure-guided scaffold morphing approach. All the IASs exhibited moderate to excellent potency against wild-type HIV-1 with EC <subscript>50</subscript> values ranging from 0.0043 μM to 4.42 μM. Notably, compound 27 (EC <subscript>50</subscript> = 4.7 nM, SI = 5183) and 33 (EC <subscript>50</subscript> = 4.3 nM, SI = 7083) were identified as the most potent compounds, which were more active than nevirapine, lamivudine and efavirenz, and also reached the same order of etravirine. Furthermore, some compounds maintained excellent activity against various single HIV-1 mutants (L100I, K103 N, E138K, Y181C) as well as one double mutant (F227L/V106A) with EC <subscript>50</subscript> values in low-micromolar concentration ranges. Notably, 34 displayed outstanding potency against F227L/V106A (EC <subscript>50</subscript> = 0.094 μM), and also showed exceptional activity against E138K (EC <subscript>50</subscript> = 0.014 μM), L100I (EC <subscript>50</subscript> = 0.011 μM) and K103 N (EC <subscript>50</subscript> = 0.025 μM). Additionally, most compounds showed markedly reduced cytotoxicity (CC <subscript>50</subscript> ) compared to lead compounds, especially 36 (CC <subscript>50</subscript> > 234.91 μM, SI > 18727) and 37 (CC <subscript>50</subscript> > 252.49 μM, SI > 15152). Preliminary SARs and molecular modeling studies were also discussed in detail, which may provide valuable insights for further optimization.<br /> (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)
- Subjects :
- Animals
Anti-HIV Agents chemical synthesis
Anti-HIV Agents chemistry
Cell Line
Cell Survival drug effects
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Female
HIV Reverse Transcriptase metabolism
HIV-1 enzymology
HIV-1 genetics
Humans
Indoles chemical synthesis
Indoles chemistry
Male
Mice
Mice, Inbred Strains
Microbial Sensitivity Tests
Models, Molecular
Molecular Structure
Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors chemical synthesis
Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors chemistry
Structure-Activity Relationship
Sulfones chemical synthesis
Sulfones chemistry
Anti-HIV Agents pharmacology
Drug Discovery
HIV Reverse Transcriptase antagonists & inhibitors
HIV-1 drug effects
Indoles pharmacology
Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors pharmacology
Sulfones pharmacology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1768-3254
- Volume :
- 182
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- European journal of medicinal chemistry
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 31434039
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111619