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Seroprevalence of brucellosis and risk factors associated with its seropositivity in cattle, goats and humans in Iganga District, Uganda.
- Source :
-
The Pan African medical journal [Pan Afr Med J] 2019 Jun 11; Vol. 33, pp. 99. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Jun 11 (Print Publication: 2019). - Publication Year :
- 2019
-
Abstract
- Introduction: The burden of brucellosis among smallholder farmers is poorly-documented in Uganda. The disease burden is likely to be high, given the high levels of endemicity, lots of exposures and due to lack of control measures. In order to designate appropriate control measures, the magnitude and risk factors for brucellosis need to be known. We established the burden of and risk factors for Brucella seropositivity in cattle, goats, and humans in Iganga district, eastern Uganda.<br />Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in in Kigulamo Parish, Iganga District. We enrolled 226 households and administered a structured questionnaire to heads of households to capture data on socio-demographic characteristics, human brucellosis-related risk factors, and livestock farming practices. Human, cattle, and goat blood samples were collected and tested serologically using commercial indirect-ELISA kits manufactured by USDA, USA.<br />Results: Of 451 human blood samples, 20 (4.4%) were positive. Among 345 cattle blood samples, 4 (1.2%) were positive and among 351 goat blood samples, one (0.3%) was positive. Persons who reported consuming locally-made dairy products had 4 times higher odds of Brucella seropositivity (OR = 4.0, CI = 1.14-14.03, p = 0.031) than those who did not. None of the risk factors we asked about were significantly associated with seropositivity in cattle and goats.<br />Conclusion: The seroprevalence of brucellosis in humans in smallholder households in Kigulamo was relatively low and associated with consumption of locally made dairy products. No risk factors were significantly associated with seropositivity in livestock, likely due to the small number of seropositive animals. We recommend a One Health approach to control brucellosis simultaneously in animals and humans needed to sustainably reduce the burden of brucellosis in Uganda and beyond.<br />Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
- Subjects :
- Animals
Brucellosis diagnosis
Brucellosis veterinary
Cattle
Cattle Diseases epidemiology
Cattle Diseases microbiology
Cross-Sectional Studies
Dairy Products microbiology
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
Female
Goat Diseases epidemiology
Goat Diseases microbiology
Goats
Humans
Livestock
Male
Risk Factors
Surveys and Questionnaires
Uganda epidemiology
Brucella isolation & purification
Brucellosis epidemiology
Seroepidemiologic Studies
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1937-8688
- Volume :
- 33
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- The Pan African medical journal
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 31489077
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2019.33.99.16960