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Staphylococcus aureus toxin suppresses antigen-specific T cell responses.
- Source :
-
The Journal of clinical investigation [J Clin Invest] 2020 Mar 02; Vol. 130 (3), pp. 1122-1127. - Publication Year :
- 2020
-
Abstract
- Staphylococcus aureus remains a leading cause of human infection. These infections frequently recur when the skin is a primary site of infection, especially in infants and children. In contrast, invasive staphylococcal disease is less commonly associated with reinfection, suggesting that tissue-specific mechanisms govern the development of immunity. Knowledge of how S. aureus manipulates protective immunity has been hampered by a lack of antigen-specific models to interrogate the T cell response. Using a chicken egg OVA-expressing S. aureus strain to analyze OVA-specific T cell responses, we demonstrated that primary skin infection was associated with impaired development of T cell memory. Conversely, invasive infection induced antigen-specific memory and protected against reinfection. This defect in adaptive immunity following skin infection was associated with a loss of DCs, attributable to S. aureus α-toxin (Hla) expression. Gene- and immunization-based approaches to protect against Hla during skin infection restored the T cell response. Within the human population, exposure to α-toxin through skin infection may modulate the establishment of T cell-mediated immunity, adversely affecting long-term protection. These studies prompt consideration that vaccination targeting S. aureus may be most effective if delivered prior to initial contact with the organism.
- Subjects :
- Animals
Bacterial Toxins genetics
Hemolysin Proteins genetics
Humans
Mice
Staphylococcal Skin Infections genetics
Staphylococcal Skin Infections pathology
Staphylococcal Vaccines genetics
Staphylococcal Vaccines immunology
Staphylococcal Vaccines pharmacology
Staphylococcus aureus genetics
T-Lymphocytes pathology
Bacterial Toxins immunology
Hemolysin Proteins immunology
Immunity, Cellular
Immunologic Memory
Staphylococcal Skin Infections immunology
Staphylococcus aureus immunology
T-Lymphocytes immunology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1558-8238
- Volume :
- 130
- Issue :
- 3
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- The Journal of clinical investigation
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 31873074
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI130728