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Biomarkers of vascular disease in diabetes: the adipose-immune system cross talk.
- Source :
-
Internal and emergency medicine [Intern Emerg Med] 2020 Apr; Vol. 15 (3), pp. 381-393. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Jan 09. - Publication Year :
- 2020
-
Abstract
- Experimental and clinical studies aimed at investigating the mechanism(s) underlying vascular complications of diabetes indicate that a great number of molecules are involved in the pathogenesis of these complications. Most of these molecules are inflammatory mediators or markers generated by immune or adipose tissue. Some of them, i.e. resistin and sortilin, have been shown to be involved in the cross talk between adipocytes and inflammatory cells. This interaction is an attractive area of research, particularly in type 2 diabetes and obesity. Other proteins, such as adiponectin and visfatin, appear to be more promising as possible vascular markers. In addition, some molecules involved in calcium/phosphorus metabolism, such as klotho and FGF23, have an involvement in the pathogenesis of diabetic vasculopathy, which appears to be dependent on the degree of vascular impairment. Inflammatory markers are a promising tool for treatment decisions while measuring plasma levels of adipokines, sortilin, Klotho and FGF23 in adequately sized longitudinal studies is expected to allow a more precise characterization of diabetic vascular disease and the optimal use of personalized treatment strategies.
- Subjects :
- Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport analysis
Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport blood
Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport immunology
Adipokines analysis
Adipokines blood
Adipokines immunology
Adipose Tissue physiopathology
Biomarkers blood
C-Reactive Protein analysis
C-Reactive Protein immunology
Cardiovascular Diseases blood
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 blood
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 complications
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 physiopathology
Exosomes immunology
Fibroblast Growth Factor-23
Glucuronidase analysis
Glucuronidase blood
Glucuronidase immunology
HMGB Proteins analysis
HMGB Proteins blood
HMGB Proteins immunology
Humans
Immune System physiopathology
Interleukin-1 analysis
Interleukin-1 blood
Interleukin-1 immunology
Klotho Proteins
Osteoprotegerin analysis
Osteoprotegerin blood
Osteoprotegerin immunology
Prevalence
Serum Amyloid P-Component analysis
Serum Amyloid P-Component immunology
Signal Transduction physiology
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha analysis
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha blood
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha immunology
Adipose Tissue immunology
Biomarkers analysis
Cardiovascular Diseases diagnosis
Immune System immunology
Signal Transduction immunology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1970-9366
- Volume :
- 15
- Issue :
- 3
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Internal and emergency medicine
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 31919781
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s11739-019-02270-6