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Acute changes in the retina and central retinal artery with methamphetamine.
- Source :
-
Experimental eye research [Exp Eye Res] 2020 Apr; Vol. 193, pp. 107964. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Feb 07. - Publication Year :
- 2020
-
Abstract
- Methamphetamine (METH), an addictive stimulant of neurotransmitters, is associated with cardiovascular and neurological diseases. METH-induced ophthalmic complications are also present but have been insufficiently investigated. The purpose of this study is to investigate the retinal effects of METH. C57BL/6 mice were administrated progressively increasing doses of METH (0-6 mg/kg) by repetitive intraperitoneal injections for 5 days (4 times per day). Retinal degeneration was examined by morphological changes and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay. Norepinephrine levels were measured by ELISA, protein expression levels were determined by immunoblot and immunostaining, and gelatinase activity was examined by zymography. The thickness of the retina and the number of nuclei in the inner and outer nuclear layers were decreased by METH. Retinal cell death and astrocyte activation by METH treatment were confirmed by TUNEL assay and glial fibrillary acidic protein expression, respectively. Increased tumor necrosis factor-α protein in the retina and elevated norepinephrine levels in plasma were found in METH-treated mice. Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1) protein expression level was decreased in the retina and central retinal artery (CRA) by METH treatment, along with the endothelial proteoglycans glypican-1 and syndecan-1. Moreover, a regulator of the extracellular matrix, matrix metalloproteinase-14 (MMP-14) in the retina, and MMP-2 and MMP-9 in plasma, were increased by METH treatment. In conclusion, METH administration is involved in retinal degeneration with a vascular loss of PECAM-1 and the glycocalyx in the CRA and retina, and an increase of MMPs.<br />Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest None.<br /> (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Subjects :
- Animals
Central Nervous System Stimulants adverse effects
Central Nervous System Stimulants pharmacokinetics
Disease Models, Animal
Electroretinography
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
Immunoblotting
In Situ Nick-End Labeling
Male
Methamphetamine adverse effects
Mice
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Retina drug effects
Retinal Artery drug effects
Retinal Degeneration chemically induced
Retinal Degeneration metabolism
Methamphetamine pharmacokinetics
Retina pathology
Retinal Artery pathology
Retinal Degeneration pathology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1096-0007
- Volume :
- 193
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Experimental eye research
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 32044305
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exer.2020.107964