Impact of clinical pharmacy services in a hematology/oncology ward in Morocco.

Background: Clinical pharmacists are contributing to safe medication use by providing comprehensive management to patients and medical staff. The aim of this study is to document and evaluate the role of clinical pharmacy services in oncology department.
Patients and Methods: A prospective, descriptive, observational study was carried out from July 2018 through June 2019 at the Department of Medical Oncology at the National Institute of Oncology, Morocco. Medication reviews concerning hospitalized adult cancer patients were performed every day by the clinical pharmacist assigned to the department.
Results: A total of 3542 prescriptions of 526 adult cancer patients were analyzed. The pharmacist identified 450 drug-related problems (12.7% of the prescriptions) primarily related to the analgesics (31.5%). Medication problems included mostly untreated indications (31.3%), overdosing (17.1%), drug-drug interactions (12.4%), underdosing (11.1%), administration omissions (6.7%), drug not indicated (6.0%), and contraindication (5.3%). Interventions ( n  = 450) led to drug additions (30.7%), drug dosing adjustments (27.1%), treatment discontinuations (20.0%), recall of the treatment (6.2%), replacement of a drug with another one (5.1%), administration optimization (4.0%), therapeutic drug monitoring (3.1%), alternate routes of administration (2.5%), and extension of treatment duration (1.3%). Most (98%) of the interventions were accepted and implemented by the medical staff-172 (38.2%) having a significant clinical impact on the patient, 88 (19.6%) as having a very significant clinical impact, and 71(15.8%) as having a potential vital impact.
Conclusion: This work highlights the positive clinical relevance of pharmacists' interventions in oncology and the importance of medicopharmaceutical collaboration to prevent medication error.