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Attenuation of atrial remodeling by aliskiren via affecting oxidative stress, inflammation and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
- Source :
-
Cardiovascular drugs and therapy [Cardiovasc Drugs Ther] 2021 Jun; Vol. 35 (3), pp. 587-598. - Publication Year :
- 2021
-
Abstract
- Introduction: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common type of arrhythmia. Atrial remodeling is a major factor to the AF substrate. The purpose of the study is to explore whether aliskiren (ALS) has a cardioprotective effect and its potential molecular mechanisms on atrial remodeling.<br />Methods: In acute experiments, dogs were randomly assigned to Sham, Paced and Paced+aliskiren (10 mg kg <superscript>-1</superscript> ) (Paced+ALS) groups, with 7 dogs in each group. Rapid atrial pacing (RAP) was maintained at 600 bpm for 2 h for paced and Paced+ALS groups and atrial effective refractory periods (AERPs), inducibility of AF (AFi) and average duration time (ADT) were measured. In chronic experiments, there were 5 groups: Sham, Sham+ALS, Paced, Paced+ALS and Paced+ALS+PI3K antagonist wortmannin (WM) (70 μg kg <superscript>-1</superscript>  day <superscript>-1</superscript> ). RAP at 500 beats/min was maintained for 2 weeks. Inflammation and oxidative stress indicators were measured by ELISA assay, echocardiogram and pathology were used to assess atrial structural remodeling, phosphatidylinositol 3-hydroxy kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) signaling pathways were studied by RT-PCR and western blotting to evaluate whether the cardioprotective effect of ALS works through PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.<br />Results: The electrophysiological changes were observed after 2-h pacing. The AERP shortened with increased AFi and ADT, which was attenuated by ALS (P < 0.05). After pacing for 2 weeks, oxidative stress and inflammation markers in the Paced group were significantly higher than those in the Sham group (P < 0.01) and were reduced by ALS treatment (P < 0.01). The reduced level of antioxidant enzymes caused by RAP was also found to be elevated in ALS-treated group (P < 0.01). The results of pathology and echocardiography showed that RAP can cause atrial enlargement, fibrosis (P < 0.01), and were attenuated in ALS treatment group. The PI3K/Akt signaling pathway were downregulated induced by RAP. ALS could upregulate the PI3K/Akt pathway expression (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the cardioprotective effects in structural remodeling of ALS were suppressed by WM.<br />Conclusions: ALS may offer cardioprotection in RAP-induced atrial remodeling, which may partly be ascribed to its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress action and the regulation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
- Subjects :
- Animals
Dogs
Echocardiography
Female
Inflammation Mediators metabolism
Male
Oxidative Stress drug effects
Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases metabolism
Random Allocation
Signal Transduction drug effects
Wortmannin pharmacology
Amides pharmacology
Atrial Remodeling drug effects
Fumarates pharmacology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1573-7241
- Volume :
- 35
- Issue :
- 3
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Cardiovascular drugs and therapy
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 32462265
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s10557-020-07002-z