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Alpha-gal syndrome: An emerging cause of food and drug allergy.
- Source :
-
Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology [Clin Exp Allergy] 2020 Aug; Vol. 50 (8), pp. 894-903. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Jul 06. - Publication Year :
- 2020
-
Abstract
- Alpha-gal syndrome (AGS) describes a wide spectrum of hypersensitivity reactions mediated by specific IgE to the α-gal epitope (galactose-α-1,3-galactose) ubiquitously expressed on glycolipids/glycoproteins of most mammals. This fascinating new entity has completely changed the paradigms of allergy as allergic response is directed against an oligosaccharide and the reactions can be both immediate and delayed. They appear to be stimulated only by tick bites which induce production of α-gal specific IgE antibodies that lead to (at times fatal) hypersensitivity response. AGS is completely different to previously described anaphylaxis to tick saliva. It provides unique insight into the interplay between different arms of the immune system and the role of ectoparasites in the development of anaphylaxis to food and medication in patients at risk of tick bites including travellers. This review summarises recent advances in our understanding of its clinical presentation, pathomechanism and role of various tick species in the development of AGS.<br /> (© 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Subjects :
- Allergens immunology
Anaphylaxis diagnosis
Anaphylaxis epidemiology
Anaphylaxis therapy
Animals
Desensitization, Immunologic
Drug Hypersensitivity diagnosis
Drug Hypersensitivity epidemiology
Drug Hypersensitivity therapy
Food Hypersensitivity diagnosis
Food Hypersensitivity epidemiology
Food Hypersensitivity therapy
Humans
Insect Proteins immunology
Prognosis
Risk Factors
Saliva immunology
Tick Bites diagnosis
Tick Bites epidemiology
Tick Bites therapy
Anaphylaxis immunology
Disaccharides immunology
Drug Hypersensitivity immunology
Epitopes
Food Hypersensitivity immunology
Immunoglobulin E immunology
Tick Bites immunology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1365-2222
- Volume :
- 50
- Issue :
- 8
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 32542789
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1111/cea.13683