Gastric Biopsies in Gastroparesis: Insights into Gastric Neuromuscular Disorders to Aid Treatment.

Authors :: Chikkamenahalli LL
Pasricha PJ
Farrugia G
Grover M
Source :: Gastroenterology clinics of North America [Gastroenterol Clin North Am] 2020 Sep; Vol. 49 (3), pp. 557-570. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Jun 14.
Publication Year :: 2020
Abstract: The cellular and molecular understanding of human gastroparesis has markedly improved due to studies on full-thickness gastric biopsies. A decrease in the number of interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) and functional changes in ICC constitutes the hallmark cellular feature of gastroparesis. More recently, in animal models, macrophages have also been identified to play a central role in development of delayed gastric emptying. Activation of macrophages leads to loss of ICC. In human gastroparesis, loss of anti-inflammatory macrophages in gastric muscle has been shown. Deeper molecular characterization using transcriptomics and proteomics has identified macrophage-based immune dysregulation in human gastroparesis.<br />Competing Interests: Disclosure MG and GF are supported by NIH DK068055 and DK74008. MG is also supported by NIH K23 DK 103911 and R03 DK 120745. GF is also supported by NIH DK057061.<br /> (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Subjects :: Animals
Diabetes Complications complications
Disease Models, Animal
Female
Gastric Emptying
Gastroparesis epidemiology
Gastroparesis etiology
Humans
Interstitial Cells of Cajal pathology
Macrophages immunology
Male
Tissue and Organ Procurement methods
Biopsy methods
Gastroparesis diagnosis
Gastroparesis pathology

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