Current and Emerging Drugs in the Treatment of Anemia in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease.

Anemia is a common complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD), and its prevalence has shown a tendency to increase in many countries. Anemia is associated with incident heart failure and increases mortality in CKD patients, garnering public attention. Here, we reviewed recent studies about CKD with anemia, and tried to summarize the risks and causes and new progress in the treatment of renal anemia. Among the risks and causes, calcium and phosphorus metabolism disorders should be pointed out along with common causes such as iron and erythropoietin deficiencies, hypoxia, inflammation and uremic toxins, and so on. The new anti-anemia treatments mainly include hematopoietic materials supplementation, erythropoietin-stimulating agents, calcium and phosphorus regulators and hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors.