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Inlet flow rate of perfusion bioreactors affects fluid flow dynamics, but not oxygen concentration in 3D-printed scaffolds for bone tissue engineering: Computational analysis and experimental validation.

Authors :
Seddiqi H
Saatchi A
Amoabediny G
Helder MN
Abbasi Ravasjani S
Safari Hajat Aghaei M
Jin J
Zandieh-Doulabi B
Klein-Nulend J
Source :
Computers in biology and medicine [Comput Biol Med] 2020 Sep; Vol. 124, pp. 103826. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Aug 04.
Publication Year :
2020

Abstract

Fluid flow dynamics and oxygen-concentration in 3D-printed scaffolds within perfusion bioreactors are sensitive to controllable bioreactor parameters such as inlet flow rate. Here we aimed to determine fluid flow dynamics, oxygen-concentration, and cell proliferation and distribution in 3D-printed scaffolds as a result of different inlet flow rates of perfusion bioreactors using experiments and finite element modeling. Pre-osteoblasts were treated with 1 h pulsating fluid flow with low (0.8 Pa; PFF <superscript>low</superscript> ) or high peak shear stress (6.5 Pa; PFF <superscript>high</superscript> ), and nitric oxide (NO) production was measured to validate shear stress sensitivity. Computational analysis was performed to determine fluid flow between 3D-scaffold-strands at three inlet flow rates (0.02, 0.1, 0.5 ml/min) during 5 days. MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblast proliferation, matrix production, and oxygen-consumption in response to fluid flow in 3D-printed scaffolds inside a perfusion bioreactor were experimentally assessed. PFF <superscript>high</superscript> more strongly stimulated NO production by pre-osteoblasts than PFF <superscript>low</superscript> . 3D-simulation demonstrated that dependent on inlet flow rate, fluid velocity reached a maximum (50-1200 μm/s) between scaffold-strands, and fluid shear stress (0.5-4 mPa) and wall shear stress (0.5-20 mPa) on scaffold-strands surfaces. At all inlet flow rates, gauge fluid pressure and oxygen-concentration were similar. The simulated cell proliferation and distribution, and oxygen-concentration data were in good agreement with the experimental results. In conclusion, varying a perfusion bioreactor's inlet flow rate locally affects fluid velocity, fluid shear stress, and wall shear stress inside 3D-printed scaffolds, but not gauge fluid pressure, and oxygen-concentration, which seems crucial for optimized bone tissue engineering strategies using bioreactors, scaffolds, and cells.<br /> (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
1879-0534
Volume :
124
Database :
MEDLINE
Journal :
Computers in biology and medicine
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
32798924
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2020.103826