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Diversity and arsenic-metabolizing gene clusters of indigenous arsenate-reducing bacteria in high arsenic groundwater of the Hetao Plain, Inner Mongolia.
- Source :
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Ecotoxicology (London, England) [Ecotoxicology] 2021 Oct; Vol. 30 (8), pp. 1680-1688. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Nov 16. - Publication Year :
- 2021
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Abstract
- Dissimilatory arsenate reduction from arsenic (As)-bearing minerals into highly mobile arsenite is one of the key mechanisms of As release into groundwater. To detect the microbial diversity and As-metabolizing gene clusters of indigenous arsenate-reducing bacteria in high As groundwater in the Hetao Plain of Inner Mongolia, China, three anaerobic arsenate-reducing bacteria were isolated and arrA and arsC gene-based clone libraries of four in situ groundwater samples were constructed. The strains IMARCUG-11(G-11), IMARCUG-C1(G-C1) and IMARCUG-12(G-12) were phylogenetically belonged to genera Paraclostridium, Citrobacter and Klebsiella, respectively. They could reduce >99% of 1 mM arsenate under anoxic conditions with lactate as a carbon source in 60 h, 72 h and 84 h, respectively. As far as we know, this was the first report of arsenate reduction by genus Paraclostridium. Compared with strain G-11 (arsC) and G-C1 (arsRBC), strain G-12 contained two incomplete ars operons (operon1: arsABC, operon2: arsBC), indicating that these strains might present different strategies to resist As toxicity. Phylogenetic analysis illuminating by the arrA genes showed that in situ arsenate-reducing bacterial communities were diverse and mainly composed of Desulfobacterales (53%, dominated by Geobacter), Betaproteobacteria (12%), and unidentified groups (35%). Based on the arsC gene analysis, the indigenous arsenate-reducing bacterial communities were mainly affiliated with Omnitrophica (88%) and Deltaproteobacteria (11%, dominated by Geobacter and Syntrophobacterales). Results of this study expanded our understanding of indigenous arsenic-reducing bacteria in high As groundwater aquifers.<br /> (© 2020. Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1573-3017
- Volume :
- 30
- Issue :
- 8
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Ecotoxicology (London, England)
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 33196984
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-020-02305-1