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Long-lasting microbial larvicides for controlling insecticide resistant and outdoor transmitting vectors: a cost-effective supplement for malaria interventions.
- Source :
-
Infectious diseases of poverty [Infect Dis Poverty] 2020 Nov 26; Vol. 9 (1), pp. 162. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Nov 26. - Publication Year :
- 2020
-
Abstract
- The issues of pyrethroid resistance and outdoor malaria parasite transmission have prompted the WHO to call for the development and adoption of viable alternative vector control methods. Larval source management is one of the core malaria vector interventions recommended by the Ministry of Health in many African countries, but it is rarely implemented due to concerns on its cost-effectiveness. New long-lasting microbial larvicide can be a promising cost-effective supplement to current vector control and elimination methods because microbial larvicide uses killing mechanisms different from pyrethroids and other chemical insecticides. It has been shown to be effective in reducing the overall vector abundance and thus both indoor and outdoor transmission. In our opinion, the long-lasting formulation can potentially reduce the cost of larvicide field application, and should be evaluated for its cost-effectiveness, resistance development, and impact on non-target organisms when integrating with other malaria vector control measures. In this opinion, we highlight that long-lasting microbial larvicide can be a potential cost-effective product that complements current front-line long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS) programs for malaria control and elimination. Microbial larviciding targets immature mosquitoes, reduces both indoor and outdoor transmission and is not affected by vector resistance to synthetic insecticides. This control method is a shift from the conventional LLINs and IRS programs that mainly target indoor-biting and resting adult mosquitoes.
- Subjects :
- Animals
Bacillus thuringiensis
Bacterial Toxins administration & dosage
Cost-Benefit Analysis
Culicidae microbiology
Humans
Insecticide Resistance
Insecticide-Treated Bednets
Insecticides economics
Larva microbiology
Larva parasitology
Malaria transmission
Mosquito Control economics
Mosquito Vectors drug effects
Pyrethrins administration & dosage
Culicidae parasitology
Insecticides administration & dosage
Larva drug effects
Malaria prevention & control
Mosquito Control methods
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 2049-9957
- Volume :
- 9
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Infectious diseases of poverty
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 33243294
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-020-00767-3