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A single intranasal or intramuscular immunization with chimpanzee adenovirus vectored SARS-CoV-2 vaccine protects against pneumonia in hamsters.

Authors :
Bricker TL
Darling TL
Hassan AO
Harastani HH
Soung A
Jiang X
Dai YN
Zhao H
Adams LJ
Holtzman MJ
Bailey AL
Case JB
Fremont DH
Klein R
Diamond MS
Boon ACM
Source :
BioRxiv : the preprint server for biology [bioRxiv] 2020 Dec 03. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Dec 03.
Publication Year :
2020

Abstract

The development of an effective vaccine against SARS-CoV-2, the etiologic agent of COVID-19, is a global priority. Here, we compared the protective capacity of intranasal and intramuscular delivery of a chimpanzee adenovirus-vectored vaccine encoding a pre-fusion stabilized spike protein (ChAd-SARS-CoV-2-S) in Golden Syrian hamsters. While immunization with ChAd-SARS-CoV-2-S induced robust spike protein specific antibodies capable or neutralizing the virus, antibody levels in serum were higher in hamsters immunized by an intranasal compared to intramuscular route. Accordingly, ChAd-SARS-CoV-2-S immunized hamsters were protected against a challenge with a high dose of SARS-CoV-2. After challenge, ChAd-SARS-CoV-2-S-immunized hamsters had less weight loss and showed reductions in viral RNA and infectious virus titer in both nasal swabs and lungs, and reduced pathology and inflammatory gene expression in the lungs, compared to ChAd-Control immunized hamsters. Intranasal immunization with ChAd-SARS-CoV-2-S provided superior protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection and inflammation in the upper respiratory tract. These findings support intranasal administration of the ChAd-SARS-CoV-2-S candidate vaccine to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection, disease, and possibly transmission.

Details

Language :
English
Database :
MEDLINE
Journal :
BioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
Accession number :
33299991
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.12.02.408823