Effect of fumonisin B 1 on oxidative stress and gene expression alteration of nutrient transporters in porcine intestinal cells.

Fumonisin B ₁ (FB ₁ ) is a common environmental mycotoxin produced by molds such as Fusarium verticillioides. The toxin poses health risks to domestic animals, including pigs, through FB ₁ -contaminanted feed. However, the cytotoxicity of FB ₁ to porcine intestines has not been fully analyzed. In the present study, the effects of FB ₁ on oxidative stress and nutrient transporter-associated genes of the porcine intestinal IPEC-J2 cells were explored. FB ₁ decreased IPEC-J2 proliferation but did not trigger reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction. Meanwhile, FB ₁ reduced the expression levels of the transporters l-type amino acid transporter-1 (y ⁺ LAT1), solute carrier family 7 member 1 (SLC7A1), solute carrier family 1 member 5 (ASCT2), and excitatory amino acid carrier 1 (EAAC1); in addition, FB ₁ reduced the levels of the fatty acid transporters long-chain fatty acid transport protein 1 (FATP1) and long-chain fatty acid transport protein 4 (FATP4) as well as glucose transporters Na ⁺ /glucose cotransporter 1 (SGLT1) and glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2). FB ₁ stimulation increased the expression levels of peptide transporter peptide transporter 1 (PepT1) and metal ion transport-related gene zinc transporter 1 (ZNT1). Moreover, metal ion transporter divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) expression was depressed by a higher dosage of FB ₁ . The data indicate that FB ₁ results in aberrant expression of nutrient transporters in IPEC-J2 cells, thereby exerting its toxicity even though it fails to exert ROS-dependent oxidative stress.
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