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Pathobiology and treatment of viral keratitis.

Authors :
Koganti R
Yadavalli T
Naqvi RA
Shukla D
Naqvi AR
Source :
Experimental eye research [Exp Eye Res] 2021 Apr; Vol. 205, pp. 108483. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Feb 06.
Publication Year :
2021

Abstract

Keratitis is one of the most prevalent ocular diseases manifested by partial or total loss of vision. Amongst infectious (viz., microbes including bacteria, fungi, amebae, and viruses) and non-infectious (viz., eye trauma, chemical exposure, and ultraviolet exposure, contact lens) risk factors, viral keratitis has been demonstrated as one of the leading causes of corneal opacity. While many viruses have been shown to cause keratitis (such as rhabdoviruses, coxsackieviruses, etc.), herpesviruses are the predominant etiologic agent of viral keratitis. This chapter will summarize current knowledge on the prevalence, diagnosis, and pathobiology of viral keratitis. Virus-mediated immunomodulation of host innate and adaptive immune components is critical for viral persistence, and dysfunctional immune responses may cause destruction of ocular tissues leading to keratitis. Immunosuppressed or immunocompromised individuals may display recurring disease with pronounced severity. Early diagnosis of viral keratitis is beneficial for disease management and response to treatment. Finally, we have discussed current and emerging therapies to treat viral keratitis.<br /> (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
1096-0007
Volume :
205
Database :
MEDLINE
Journal :
Experimental eye research
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
33556334
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exer.2021.108483