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Acetyl-L-carnitine confers neuroprotection against lipopolysaccharide (LPS) -induced neuroinflammation by targeting TLR4/NFκB, autophagy, inflammation and oxidative stress.
- Source :
-
Metabolic brain disease [Metab Brain Dis] 2021 Aug; Vol. 36 (6), pp. 1391-1401. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Mar 12. - Publication Year :
- 2021
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Abstract
- Acetyl-L-carnitine has been shown to exert neuroprotection against neurodegenerative diseases. The present study was performed to evaluate neuroprotection effects of acetyl-L-carnitine against lipopolysaccharide (LPS) -induced neuroinflammation and clarify possible mechanisms. A single dose (500 µg/kg) of LPS was intraperitoneally injected to rats to induce model. The animals were intraperitoneally treated with different doses of acetyl-L-carnitine (30, 60, and 100) for 6 days. Y-maze task, single-trial passive avoidance and novel object recognition tests were used to evaluate memory impairments. ELISA assay was used to evaluate the expression of TLR4/NFκB, autophagic and oxidative stress markers. Our result showed that intraperitoneal injection of LPS resulted in initiation of neuroinflammation by activation of TLR4/NFκB, suppression of autophagic markers such as LC3 II/ LC3 I ratio and becline-1, and excessive production of ROS and MDA. Intraperitoneal administration of acetyl-L-carnitine contributed to neuroprotection against LPS -induced neuroinflammation by suppression of TLR4/NFκB pathway, restoring activity of autophagy and inhibition of oxidative stress. Collectively, our findings show that acetyl-L-carnitine attenuated LPS-induced neuroinflammation by targeting TLR4/NFκB pathway, autophagy and oxidative stress.<br /> (© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)
- Subjects :
- Animals
Beclin-1 antagonists & inhibitors
Injections, Intraperitoneal
Male
Microtubule-Associated Proteins antagonists & inhibitors
Neuroinflammatory Diseases chemically induced
Neuroinflammatory Diseases psychology
Psychomotor Performance drug effects
Rats
Rats, Wistar
Acetylcarnitine pharmacology
Anti-Inflammatory Agents pharmacology
Autophagy drug effects
Lipopolysaccharides
NF-kappa B drug effects
Neuroinflammatory Diseases prevention & control
Neuroprotective Agents pharmacology
Oxidative Stress drug effects
Toll-Like Receptor 4 drug effects
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1573-7365
- Volume :
- 36
- Issue :
- 6
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Metabolic brain disease
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 33710529
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s11011-021-00715-6