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Effects of isoquinoline alkaloids from Macleaya cordata on growth performance, survival, immune response, and resistance to Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei).
- Source :
-
PloS one [PLoS One] 2021 May 06; Vol. 16 (5), pp. e0251343. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 May 06 (Print Publication: 2021). - Publication Year :
- 2021
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Abstract
- Isoquinoline alkaloids (IQs) from Macleaya cordata are promising natural products for enhancing the growth performance and overall health condition of farmed animals. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of two formulas of IQ extract, provided in either a powdered formula (IQ-E) or a water-soluble, granulated formula (IQ-WS) and containing the main active component sanguinarine at a concentration of 0.5% and 1%, respectively, on the growth, survival, immune response, and resistance to Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). In Experiment 1, the postlarvae were divided into five groups (four replicates/group and 100 shrimp/tank) and fed four times/day for 30 days with a control feed, IQ-E at 200 or 300 mg/kg of feed, or IQ-WS at 100 or 150 mg/kg of feed. In Experiment 2, the surviving shrimp from Experiment 1 were redistributed into six groups (four treatment groups as in Experiment 1 plus the positive and negative controls with four replicates/group and 30 shrimp/tank) and challenged with V. parahaemolyticus by immersion at a concentration of 103 colony-forming units (CFU)/mL and were fed with the same diets for another 14 days. The results revealed that all IQ-fed shrimp in Experiment 1 had significantly enhanced survival rates and immune parameters (total hemocyte count and phagocytic, phenoloxidase, and superoxide dismutase activities) compared to the control group, even though the growth performances were similar across all groups. In Experiment 2, all IQ-fed groups showed better growth performance and survival rates compared to the positive control. Other than in the positive control group, no histopathological lesions in the hepatopancreas and the intestine were found. In summary, the current study demonstrated the benefits of using IQs from M. cordata as feed additives for improving the growth performance, survival rate, immune responses, and resistance to vibriosis of Pacific white shrimp.<br />Competing Interests: Phytobiotics (Thailand) Co., Ltd. provided support in the form of salary to WK. The specific roles of this author are articulated in the ’author contributions’ section. Phytobiotics also provided material support in the form of the isoquinoline extracts for the study. There are no patents, products in development or marketed products to declare. This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.
- Subjects :
- Animals
Penaeidae growth & development
Penaeidae immunology
Penaeidae microbiology
Alkaloids therapeutic use
Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use
Drugs, Chinese Herbal therapeutic use
Isoquinolines therapeutic use
Papaveraceae chemistry
Penaeidae drug effects
Vibrio Infections prevention & control
Vibrio Infections veterinary
Vibrio parahaemolyticus drug effects
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1932-6203
- Volume :
- 16
- Issue :
- 5
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- PloS one
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 33956913
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251343