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Preexisting and Post-COVID-19 Immune Responses to SARS-CoV-2 in Patients with Cancer.
- Source :
-
Cancer discovery [Cancer Discov] 2021 Aug; Vol. 11 (8), pp. 1982-1995. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 May 19. - Publication Year :
- 2021
-
Abstract
- Patients with cancer, in particular patients with hematologic malignancies, are at increased risk for critical illness upon COVID-19. We here assessed antibody as well as CD4 <superscript>+</superscript> and CD8 <superscript>+</superscript> T-cell responses in unexposed and SARS-CoV-2-infected patients with cancer to characterize SARS-CoV-2 immunity and to identify immunologic parameters contributing to COVID-19 outcome. Unexposed patients with hematologic malignancies presented with reduced prevalence of preexisting SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactive CD4 <superscript>+</superscript> T-cell responses and signs of T-cell exhaustion compared with patients with solid tumors and healthy volunteers. Whereas SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses did not differ between patients with COVID-19 and cancer and healthy volunteers, intensity, expandability, and diversity of SARS-CoV-2 T-cell responses were profoundly reduced in patients with cancer, and the latter associated with a severe course of COVID-19. This identifies impaired SARS-CoV-2 T-cell immunity as a potential determinant for dismal outcome of COVID-19 in patients with cancer. SIGNIFICANCE: This first comprehensive analysis of SARS-CoV-2 immune responses in patients with cancer reports on the potential implications of impaired SARS-CoV-2 T-cell responses for understanding pathophysiology and predicting severity of COVID-19, which in turn might allow for the development of therapeutic measures and vaccines for this vulnerable patient population. See related commentary by Salomé and Horowitz, p. 1877 . This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1861 .<br /> (©2021 American Association for Cancer Research.)
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 2159-8290
- Volume :
- 11
- Issue :
- 8
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Cancer discovery
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 34011563
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1158/2159-8290.CD-21-0191