Design of Low Bandgap CsPb 1- x Sn x I 2 Br Perovskite Solar Cells with Excellent Phase Stability.

Novel all-inorganic Sn-Pb alloyed perovskites are developed aiming for low toxicity, low bandgap, and long-term stability. Among them, CsPb _{1- x} Sn _x I ₂ Br is predicted as an ideal perovskite with favorable band gap, but previously is demonstrated unable to convert to perovskite phase by thermal annealing. In this report, a series of CsPb _{1- x} Sn _x I ₂ Br perovskites with tunable bandgaps from 1.92 to 1.38 eV are successfully prepared for the first time via low annealing temperature (60 °C). Compared to the pure CsPbI ₂ Br, these Sn-Pb alloyed perovskites show superior stability. Furthermore, a novel α-phase-stabilization mechanism of the inorganic Sn-Pb alloyed perovskite by reconfiguring the perovskite crystallization process with chloride doping is provided. Simultaneously, a dense protection layer is formed by the coordination reaction between the surface lead dangling bonds and sulfate ion to retard the permeation of external oxygen and moisture, leading to less oxidation of Sn ²⁺ in perovskite film. As a result, the fabricated all-inorganic Sn-Pb perovskite solar cells (PSCs) show a champion power conversion efficiency of 10.39% with improved phase stability and long-term ambient stability against light, heat, and humidity. This work provides a viable strategy in fabricating high-performance narrow-bandgap all-inorganic PSCs.
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