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The PPARβ/δ-AMPK Connection in the Treatment of Insulin Resistance.
- Source :
-
International journal of molecular sciences [Int J Mol Sci] 2021 Aug 09; Vol. 22 (16). Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Aug 09. - Publication Year :
- 2021
-
Abstract
- The current treatment options for type 2 diabetes mellitus do not adequately control the disease in many patients. Consequently, there is a need for new drugs to prevent and treat type 2 diabetes mellitus. Among the new potential pharmacological strategies, activators of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)β/δ show promise. Remarkably, most of the antidiabetic effects of PPARβ/δ agonists involve AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation. This review summarizes the recent mechanistic insights into the antidiabetic effects of the PPARβ/δ-AMPK pathway, including the upregulation of glucose uptake, muscle remodeling, enhanced fatty acid oxidation, and autophagy, as well as the inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress and inflammation. A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the effects resulting from the PPARβ/δ-AMPK pathway may provide the basis for the development of new therapies in the prevention and treatment of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
- Subjects :
- AMP-Activated Protein Kinases genetics
Animals
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 genetics
Humans
PPAR delta genetics
PPAR-beta genetics
Signal Transduction drug effects
Signal Transduction genetics
AMP-Activated Protein Kinases metabolism
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 metabolism
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 prevention & control
Insulin Resistance
PPAR delta metabolism
PPAR-beta metabolism
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1422-0067
- Volume :
- 22
- Issue :
- 16
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- International journal of molecular sciences
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 34445261
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22168555