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Perfluorocarbons Therapeutics in Modern Cancer Nanotechnology for Hypoxiainduced Anti-tumor Therapy.

Authors :
Satija S
Sharma P
Kaur H
Dhanjal DS
Chopra RS
Khurana N
Vyas M
Sharma N
Tambuwala MM
Bakshi HA
Charbe NB
Zacconi FC
Chellappan DK
Dua K
Mehta M
Source :
Current pharmaceutical design [Curr Pharm Des] 2021; Vol. 27 (43), pp. 4376-4387.
Publication Year :
2021

Abstract

With an estimated failure rate of about 90%, immunotherapies that are intended for the treatment of solid tumors have caused an anomalous rise in the mortality rate over the past decades. It is apparent that resistance towards such therapies primarily occurs due to elevated levels of HIF-1 (Hypoxia-induced factor) in tumor cells, which are caused by disrupted microcirculation and diffusion mechanisms. With the advent of nanotechnology, several innovative advances were brought to the fore; and, one such promising direction is the use of perfluorocarbon nanoparticles in the management of solid tumors. Perfluorocarbon nanoparticles enhance the response of hypoxia-based agents (HBAs) within the tumor cells and have been found to augment the entry of HBAs into the tumor micro-environment. The heightened penetration of HBAs causes chronic hypoxia, thus aiding in the process of cell quiescence. In addition, this technology has also been applied in photodynamic therapy, where oxygen self-enriched photosensitizers loaded perfluorocarbon nanoparticles are employed. The resulting processes initiate a cascade, depleting tumour oxygen and turning it into a reactive oxygen species eventually to destroy the tumour cell. This review elaborates on the multiple applications of nanotechnology based perfluorocarbon formulations that are being currently employed in the treatment of tumour hypoxia.<br /> (Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.)

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
1873-4286
Volume :
27
Issue :
43
Database :
MEDLINE
Journal :
Current pharmaceutical design
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
34459378
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.2174/1381612827666210830100907