Polygalacto-fucopyranose biopolymer structured nanoparticle conjugate attenuates glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis: An in vivo study.

Naturally occurring polysaccharide-structured nanoparticles have developed as promising materials for treatment of bone health disorders. Silver nanoparticle (ST-Ag ^NP ) structured from sulfated polygalacto-fucopyranose comprising of recurring structural entities of 2-SO ₃ -α-(1 → 3)-fucopyranose and 6-O-acetyl-β-(1 → 4)-galactopyranose isolated from marine macroalga Sargassum tenerrimum demonstrated potential activities associated with osteogenesis. Subsequent treatment with ST-Ag ^NP , activity of alkaline phosphatase (63 mU/mg) was raised in osteoblast stem cells (human mesenchymal, hMSC) than that in control (30 mU/mg). Intense growth of mineralized nodule on the surface of hMSC was apparent following treatment with ST-Ag ^NP . Increased population of bone morphogenic protein-2 (23%) and osteocalcin ⁺ cells (50%) on M2 macrophages were apparent following treatment with ST-Ag ^NP (0.25 mg/mL). Glucocorticoid-induced in vivo animal model studies of ST-Ag ^NP exhibited significant recovery of serum biochemical parameters along with serum estradiol and parathyroid hormone compared to disease control. Disease-induced groups treated with ST-Ag ^NP showed the disappearance of osteoporotic cavities in the trabecular bone. Following treatment with ST-Ag ^NP , serum calcium and phosphorus contents were significantly recovered.
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