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Assessment of Hypertension Control Among Adults Participating in a Mobile Technology Blood Pressure Self-management Program.
- Source :
-
JAMA network open [JAMA Netw Open] 2021 Oct 01; Vol. 4 (10), pp. e2127008. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Oct 01. - Publication Year :
- 2021
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Abstract
- Importance: It is unclear whether mobile technology hypertension self-management programs are associated with blood pressure (BP) control.<br />Objective: To examine whether engagement with a hypertension self-management program with a BP monitor and connected smartphone application with clinically based digital coaching was associated with BP control during a follow-up period of as long as 3 years.<br />Design, Setting, and Participants: This cohort study enrolled US adults with elevated BP or hypertension between January 1, 2015, and July 1, 2020. The hypertension self-management program was provided through the participant's (or their spouse's) employer health plan.<br />Exposures: Program engagement, defined by average number of application sessions.<br />Main Outcomes and Measures: Systolic and diastolic BP measured by a US Food and Drug Administration-cleared BP monitor, with categories defined as normal (systolic BP, <120 mm Hg), elevated (systolic BP, 120-129 mm Hg), stage 1 hypertension (systolic BP, 130-139 mm Hg), and stage 2 hypertension (systolic BP ≥140 mm Hg). Other measures included age, gender, depression, anxiety, diabetes, high cholesterol, smoking, geographic region, area deprivation index, self-reported weight, and device-measured physical activity (steps per day).<br />Results: Among 28 189 participants (median [IQR] age, 51 [43-58] years; 9424 women [40.4%]; 13 902 men [59.6%]), median (IQR) baseline systolic BP was 129.5 mm Hg (120.5-139.6 mm Hg) and diastolic BP was 81.7 mm Hg (75.7-88.4 mm Hg). Median systolic BP at 1 year improved at least 1 category for 495 of 934 participants (53.0%) with baseline elevated BP, 673 of 966 (69.7%) with baseline stage 1 hypertension, and 920 of 1075 (85.7%) with baseline stage 2 hypertension. Participants in the program for 3 years had a mean (SEM) systolic BP reduction of 7.2 (0.4), 12.2 (0.7), and 20.9 (1.7) mm Hg compared with baseline for those starting with elevated, stage 1 hypertension, and stage 2 hypertension, respectively. Greater engagement was associated with lower systolic BP over time (high-engagement group: 131.2 mm Hg; 95% CI, 115.5-155.8 mm Hg; medium-engagement group: 133.4 mm Hg; 95% CI 116.3-159.5 mm Hg; low-engagement group: 135.5 mm Hg; 95% CI, 117.3-164.8 mm Hg; P < .001); these results persisted after adjusting for age, gender, depression, anxiety, diabetes, high cholesterol, smoking, area deprivation index rank, and US region, which was partially mediated by greater physical activity. A very high BP (systolic BP >180 mm Hg) was observed 11 637 times from 3778 participants. Greater engagement was associated with lower risk of very high BP; the estimated probability of a very high BP was greater in the low-engagement group (1.42%; 95% CI, 1.26%-1.59%) compared with the medium-engagement group (0.79%; 95% CI, 0.71%-0.87%; P < .001) and the high-engagement group (0.53%; 95% CI, 0.45%-0.60%; P < .001 for comparison with both groups).<br />Conclusions and Relevance: The findings of this study suggest that a mobile technology hypertension self-management program can support long-term BP control and very high BP detection. Such programs may improve real-world BP monitoring and control.
- Subjects :
- Adult
Blood Pressure Determination instrumentation
Blood Pressure Determination methods
Blood Pressure Determination statistics & numerical data
Cohort Studies
Female
Humans
Hypertension psychology
Male
Middle Aged
Mobile Applications statistics & numerical data
Patient Participation methods
Patient Participation psychology
Patient Participation statistics & numerical data
Program Evaluation methods
Program Evaluation statistics & numerical data
Self-Management psychology
Self-Management statistics & numerical data
Hypertension therapy
Mobile Applications standards
Self-Management methods
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 2574-3805
- Volume :
- 4
- Issue :
- 10
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- JAMA network open
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 34652447
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.27008