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Acute effects of oral delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) on autonomic cardiac activity and their relation to subjective and anxiogenic effects.
Acute effects of oral delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) on autonomic cardiac activity and their relation to subjective and anxiogenic effects.
- Source :
-
Psychophysiology [Psychophysiology] 2022 Feb; Vol. 59 (2), pp. e13955. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Oct 19. - Publication Year :
- 2022
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Abstract
- Cannabis is the most commonly used psychotropic drug in the United States, after alcohol. Despite its apparent sedative and calming effects, cannabis and its main psychoactive constituent, ∆ <superscript>9</superscript> -tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) can produce serious adverse effects including tachycardia and anxiety. These effects can be especially pronounced in women, who remain underrepresented in clinical cannabinoid research. The present study is one of the first to characterize the effects of single doses of oral THC on autonomic nervous system function in healthy adult women. Occasional female cannabis users participated in three laboratory sessions in which they received oral THC (7.5 and 15 mg) and placebo. Autonomic measures included heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), pre-ejection period (PEP) a measure of cardiac sympathetic functioning, and high frequency heart rate variability (HF-HRV) a measure of parasympathetic cardiac control. Autonomic responses were examined in relation to subjective drug effects. THC dose-dependently increased HR, decreased HF-HRV, and increased ratings of feeling a drug effect, cannabis-like intoxication, and anxiety. Although the drug did not significantly affect BP or PEP, HR was negatively related to both PEP and HF-HRV. HF-HRV, the measure of parasympathetic activity, was significantly negatively related to subjective measures of cannabis intoxication (but not anxiety) at the 15 mg dose only. PEP was not significantly related to any subjective measure. These results extend our knowledge of the autonomic effects of THC in relation to subjective drug experience. This and future studies will help us to understand risk factors related to cannabis use.<br /> (© 2021 Society for Psychophysiological Research.)
- Subjects :
- Administration, Oral
Adult
Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists administration & dosage
Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists adverse effects
Dronabinol administration & dosage
Dronabinol adverse effects
Female
Humans
Young Adult
Anxiety chemically induced
Blood Pressure drug effects
Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists pharmacology
Dronabinol pharmacology
Heart Rate drug effects
Parasympathetic Nervous System drug effects
Sympathetic Nervous System drug effects
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1540-5958
- Volume :
- 59
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Psychophysiology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 34665890
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1111/psyp.13955