Back to Search
Start Over
Cell Entry of Animal Coronaviruses.
- Source :
-
Viruses [Viruses] 2021 Oct 01; Vol. 13 (10). Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Oct 01. - Publication Year :
- 2021
-
Abstract
- Coronaviruses (CoVs) are a group of enveloped positive-sense RNA viruses and can cause deadly diseases in animals and humans. Cell entry is the first and essential step of successful virus infection and can be divided into two ongoing steps: cell binding and membrane fusion. Over the past two decades, stimulated by the global outbreak of SARS-CoV and pandemic of SARS-CoV-2, numerous efforts have been made in the CoV research. As a result, significant progress has been achieved in our understanding of the cell entry process. Here, we review the current knowledge of this essential process, including the viral and host components involved in cell binding and membrane fusion, molecular mechanisms of their interactions, and the sites of virus entry. We highlight the recent findings of host restriction factors that inhibit CoVs entry. This knowledge not only enhances our understanding of the cell entry process, pathogenesis, tissue tropism, host range, and interspecies-transmission of CoVs but also provides a theoretical basis to design effective preventive and therapeutic strategies to control CoVs infection.
- Subjects :
- Animals
Cats virology
Cattle virology
Chickens virology
Coronavirus genetics
Dogs virology
Livestock virology
Membrane Fusion physiology
Receptors, Virus metabolism
Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus genetics
Swine virology
Viral Tropism physiology
Coronavirus metabolism
Coronavirus Infections pathology
Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus metabolism
Virus Attachment
Virus Internalization
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1999-4915
- Volume :
- 13
- Issue :
- 10
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Viruses
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 34696406
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/v13101977