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Profiling cellular diversity in sponges informs animal cell type and nervous system evolution.
- Source :
-
Science (New York, N.Y.) [Science] 2021 Nov 05; Vol. 374 (6568), pp. 717-723. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Nov 04. - Publication Year :
- 2021
-
Abstract
- The evolutionary origin of metazoan cell types such as neurons and muscles is not known. Using whole-body single-cell RNA sequencing in a sponge, an animal without nervous system and musculature, we identified 18 distinct cell types. These include nitric oxide–sensitive contractile pinacocytes, amoeboid phagocytes, and secretory neuroid cells that reside in close contact with digestive choanocytes that express scaffolding and receptor proteins. Visualizing neuroid cells by correlative x-ray and electron microscopy revealed secretory vesicles and cellular projections enwrapping choanocyte microvilli and cilia. Our data show a communication system that is organized around sponge digestive chambers, using conserved modules that became incorporated into the pre- and postsynapse in the nervous systems of other animals.
- Subjects :
- Animals
Cell Communication
Cell Surface Extensions ultrastructure
Cilia physiology
Cilia ultrastructure
Digestive System cytology
Mesoderm cytology
Nervous System cytology
Nervous System Physiological Phenomena
Nitric Oxide metabolism
Porifera genetics
Porifera metabolism
RNA-Seq
Secretory Vesicles ultrastructure
Signal Transduction
Single-Cell Analysis
Transcriptome
Biological Evolution
Porifera cytology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1095-9203
- Volume :
- 374
- Issue :
- 6568
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Science (New York, N.Y.)
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 34735222
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abj2949