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A COVID-19 peptide vaccine for the induction of SARS-CoV-2 T cell immunity.
- Source :
-
Nature [Nature] 2022 Jan; Vol. 601 (7894), pp. 617-622. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Nov 23. - Publication Year :
- 2022
-
Abstract
- T cell immunity is central for the control of viral infections. CoVac-1 is a peptide-based vaccine candidate, composed of SARS-CoV-2 T cell epitopes derived from various viral proteins <superscript>1,2</superscript> , combined with the Toll-like receptor 1/2 agonist XS15 emulsified in Montanide ISA51 VG, aiming to induce profound SARS-CoV-2 T cell immunity to combat COVID-19. Here we conducted a phase I open-label trial, recruiting 36 participants aged 18-80 years, who received a single subcutaneous CoVac-1 vaccination. The primary end point was safety analysed until day 56. Immunogenicity in terms of CoVac-1-induced T cell response was analysed as the main secondary end point until day 28 and in the follow-up until month 3. No serious adverse events and no grade 4 adverse events were observed. Expected local granuloma formation was observed in all study participants, whereas systemic reactogenicity was absent or mild. SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell responses targeting multiple vaccine peptides were induced in all study participants, mediated by multifunctional T helper 1 CD4 <superscript>+</superscript> and CD8 <superscript>+</superscript> T cells. CoVac-1-induced IFNγ T cell responses persisted in the follow-up analyses and surpassed those detected after SARS-CoV-2 infection as well as after vaccination with approved vaccines. Furthermore, vaccine-induced T cell responses were unaffected by current SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern. Together, CoVac-1 showed a favourable safety profile and induced broad, potent and variant of concern-independent T cell responses, supporting the presently ongoing evaluation in a phase II trial for patients with B cell or antibody deficiency.<br /> (© 2022. The Author(s).)
- Subjects :
- Administration, Cutaneous
Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes immunology
COVID-19 prevention & control
COVID-19 virology
COVID-19 Vaccines administration & dosage
COVID-19 Vaccines adverse effects
Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic
Female
Granuloma immunology
Humans
Immunogenicity, Vaccine
Interferon-gamma immunology
Male
Middle Aged
T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer immunology
Vaccines, Subunit administration & dosage
Vaccines, Subunit adverse effects
Young Adult
COVID-19 immunology
COVID-19 Vaccines immunology
SARS-CoV-2 immunology
T-Lymphocytes immunology
Vaccines, Subunit immunology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1476-4687
- Volume :
- 601
- Issue :
- 7894
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Nature
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 34814158
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-04232-5