Nutritional status of maintenance hemodialysis patients.

Fat and fat-free tissues were determined in hemodialysis patients using either anthropometric measurements or indirectly from total body water (TBW) determined from urea kinetics. A very close correlation between the two methods in determining either fat or fat-free tissue (r greater than 0.8, n = 43) was shown. Twenty-two patients were followed for 2 yr. We found that fat increased while fat-free tissue decreased over that period of time. The latter appears to reflect methodological problems since both fat-free determinations depend upon TBW rather than somatic proteins. This was further confirmed by finding a proportional decrease in TBW with time, while creatinine appearance rate remained unaffected. Adherence to prescribed diet was monitored through diet records and periodic determination of urea N appearance rate during interdialysis periods. Our present studies determined body composition of hemodialysis patients and examined the relative validity of the commonly used methods. We demonstrate that no malnutrition occurs with time in patients adhering to their prescribed diet.