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Methodological Appraisal of Literature Concerning the Analysis of Genetic Variants or Protein Levels of Complement Components on Susceptibility to Infection by Trypanosomatids: A Systematic Review.
- Source :
-
Frontiers in immunology [Front Immunol] 2021 Nov 25; Vol. 12, pp. 780810. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Nov 25 (Print Publication: 2021). - Publication Year :
- 2021
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Abstract
- Background: Trypanosomatids are protozoa responsible for a wide range of diseases, with emphasis on Chagas Disease (CD) and Leishmaniasis, which are in the list of most relevant Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTD) according to World Health Organization (WHO). During the infectious process, immune system is immediately activated, and parasites can invade nucleated cells through a broad diversity of receptors. The complement system - through classical, alternative and lectin pathways - plays a role in the first line of defense against these pathogens, acting in opsonization, phagocytosis and lysis of parasites. Genetic modifications in complement genes, such as Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs), can influence host susceptibility to these parasites and modulate protein expression.<br />Methods: In March and April 2021, a literature search was conducted at the PubMed and Google Scholar databases and the reference lists obtained were verified. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the selected studies were evaluated and scored according to eleven established criteria regarding their thematic approach and design, aiming at the good quality of publications.<br />Results: Twelve papers were included in this systematic review: seven investigating CD and five focusing on Leishmaniasis. Most articles presented gene and protein approaches, careful determination of experimental groups, and adequate choice of experimental techniques, although several of them were not up-to-date. Ten studies explored the association of polymorphisms and haplotypes with disease progression, with emphasis on lectin complement pathway genes. Decreased and increased patient serum protein levels were associated with susceptibility to CD and Visceral Leishmaniasis, respectively.<br />Conclusion: This systematic review shows the influence of genetic alterations in complement genes on the progression of several infectious diseases, with a focus on conditions caused by trypanosomatids, and contributes suggestions and evidence to improve experimental design in future research proposals.<br />Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.<br /> (Copyright © 2021 Tirado, Moura, Shigunov and Figueiredo.)
- Subjects :
- Chagas Disease genetics
Chagas Disease immunology
Chagas Disease metabolism
Complement System Proteins immunology
Complement System Proteins metabolism
Disease Progression
Genetic Predisposition to Disease
Host-Parasite Interactions
Humans
Leishmania immunology
Leishmaniasis genetics
Leishmaniasis immunology
Leishmaniasis metabolism
Phenotype
Risk Assessment
Risk Factors
Trypanosoma cruzi immunology
Chagas Disease parasitology
Complement Activation genetics
Complement System Proteins genetics
Genetic Variation
Leishmania pathogenicity
Leishmaniasis parasitology
Trypanosoma cruzi pathogenicity
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1664-3224
- Volume :
- 12
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Frontiers in immunology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 34899745
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.780810