Resveratrol treatment does not reduce arterial inflammation in males at risk of type 2 diabetes: a randomized crossover trial.

Purpose: Resveratrol has shown promising anti-inflammatory effects in in vitro and animal studies. We aimed to investigate this effect on arterial inflammation in vivo.
Methods: This was an additional analysis of a double-blind randomized crossover trial which included eight male subjects with decreased insulin sensitivity who underwent an ¹⁸ F-fluoroxyglucose ( ¹⁸ F-FDG) PET/CT after 34 days of placebo and resveratrol treatment (150 mg/day). ¹⁸ F-FDG uptake was analyzed in the carotid arteries and the aorta, adipose tissue regions, spleen, and bone marrow as measures for arterial and systemic inflammation. Maximum target-to-background ratios (TBR _max ) were compared between resveratrol and placebo treatment with the non-parametric Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Median values are shown with their interquartile range.
Results: Arterial ¹⁸ F-FDG uptake was non-significantly higher after resveratrol treatment (TBR _max all vessels 1.7 (1.6-1.7)) in comparison to placebo treatment (1.5 (1.4-1.6); p=0.050). Only in visceral adipose tissue, the increase in ¹⁸ F-FDG uptake after resveratrol reached statistical significance (p=0.024). Furthermore, CRP-levels were not significantly affected by resveratrol treatment (p=0.091).
Conclusions: Resveratrol failed to attenuate arterial or systemic inflammation as measured with ¹⁸ F-FDG PET in subjects at risk of developing type 2 diabetes. However, validation of these findings in larger human studies is needed.
Competing Interests: Disclosures: Joachim E. Wildberger receives institutional grants from Agfa, Morstel, Belgium; Bayer Healthcare, Berlin, Germany; GE, Chicago, Illinois; Optimed, Ettlingen, Germany; Philips Healthcare, Best, the Netherlands; Siemens Healthineers, Forchheim, Germany, and personal fees from the speaker’s bureau of Bayer Healthcare, Berlin, Germany and Siemens Healthineers, Forchheim, Germany. Ellen Boswijk, Marlies de Ligt, Marie-Fleur J. Habets, Alma M.A. Mingels, Wouter D. van Marken Lichtenbelt, Felix M. Mottaghy, Patrick Schrauwen and Jan Bucerius, have no relationships with industry currently or within the last two years. Conflicts of interest: All authors declare that they have no conflict of interest regarding the research presented in this manuscript.
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