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Dietary fiber and probiotics influence the gut microbiome and melanoma immunotherapy response.
- Source :
-
Science (New York, N.Y.) [Science] 2021 Dec 24; Vol. 374 (6575), pp. 1632-1640. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Dec 23. - Publication Year :
- 2021
-
Abstract
- Gut bacteria modulate the response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) treatment in cancer, but the effect of diet and supplements on this interaction is not well studied. We assessed fecal microbiota profiles, dietary habits, and commercially available probiotic supplement use in melanoma patients and performed parallel preclinical studies. Higher dietary fiber was associated with significantly improved progression-free survival in 128 patients on ICB, with the most pronounced benefit observed in patients with sufficient dietary fiber intake and no probiotic use. Findings were recapitulated in preclinical models, which demonstrated impaired treatment response to anti–programmed cell death 1 (anti–PD-1)–based therapy in mice receiving a low-fiber diet or probiotics, with a lower frequency of interferon-γ–positive cytotoxic T cells in the tumor microenvironment. Together, these data have clinical implications for patients receiving ICB for cancer.
- Subjects :
- Animals
Cohort Studies
Fatty Acids, Volatile analysis
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation
Feces chemistry
Feces microbiology
Female
Humans
Immunotherapy
Male
Melanoma immunology
Melanoma microbiology
Melanoma, Experimental immunology
Melanoma, Experimental microbiology
Melanoma, Experimental therapy
Mice
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Progression-Free Survival
T-Lymphocytes
Dietary Fiber
Gastrointestinal Microbiome
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors therapeutic use
Melanoma therapy
Probiotics
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1095-9203
- Volume :
- 374
- Issue :
- 6575
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Science (New York, N.Y.)
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 34941392
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaz7015