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The Genetic Basis of Anthocyanin Acylation in North American Grapes ( Vitis spp.).
- Source :
-
Genes [Genes (Basel)] 2021 Dec 09; Vol. 12 (12). Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Dec 09. - Publication Year :
- 2021
-
Abstract
- Hydroxycinnamylated anthocyanins (or simply 'acylated anthocyanins') increase color stability in grape products, such as wine. Several genes that are relevant for anthocyanin acylation in grapes have been previously described; however, control of the degree of acylation in grapes is complicated by the lack of genetic markers quantitatively associated with this trait. To characterize the genetic basis of anthocyanin acylation in grapevine, we analyzed the acylation ratio in two closely related biparental families, Vitis rupestris B38 × 'Horizon' and 'Horizon' × Illinois 547-1, for 2 and 3 years, respectively. The acylation ratio followed a bimodal and skewed distribution in both families, with repeatability estimates larger than 0.84. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping with amplicon-based markers (rhAmpSeq) identified a strong QTL from 'Horizon' on chromosome 3, near 15.85 Mb in both families and across years, explaining up to 85.2% of the phenotypic variance. Multiple candidate genes were identified in the 14.85-17.95 Mb interval, in particular, three copies of a gene encoding an acetyl-CoA-benzylalcohol acetyltransferase-like protein within the two most strongly associated markers. Additional population-specific QTLs were found in chromosomes 9, 10, 15, and 16; however, no candidate genes were described. The rhAmpSeq markers reported here, which were previously shown to be highly transferable among the Vitis genus, could be immediately implemented in current grapevine breeding efforts to control the degree of anthocyanin acylation and improve the quality of grapes and their products.
- Subjects :
- Acylation
Chromosome Mapping
Fruit genetics
Fruit growth & development
Fruit metabolism
North America
Phenotype
Plant Proteins genetics
Vitis growth & development
Vitis metabolism
Anthocyanins chemistry
Chromosomes, Plant genetics
Plant Proteins metabolism
Quantitative Trait Loci
Vitis genetics
Wine analysis
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 2073-4425
- Volume :
- 12
- Issue :
- 12
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Genes
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 34946911
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/genes12121962