Regulatory Role of Fc Receptor in mIgM + B Lymphocyte Phagocytosis in Flounder ( Paralichthys olivaceus ).

Fc receptor (FcR) is an important opsonin receptor on the surface of immune cells, playing an important role in antibody-dependent cell-mediated immunity. Our previous work found that the FcR of flounder showed a marked expression response in phagocytizing IgM ⁺ B cell, which suggested that FcR might participate in regulating Ig-opsonized phagocytosis. In this paper, in order to elucidate the potential role of FcR in mediating phagocytosis of IgM ⁺ B cell, flounder anti- E. tarda serum was prepared and complement-inactivated for the use of E. tarda opsonization, and the sera of healthy flounder were used as control. Flow cytometric analysis showed that the phagocytosis rates of antiserum-opsonized E. tarda in peripheral blood mIgM ⁺ B lymphocytes were significantly higher than the control group, and higher phagocytosis rates of mIgM ⁺ B lymphocyte could be detected with an increasing incubation time ranging from 1 to 5 h. The phagocytosis rates of antiserum-opsonized E. tarda by mIgM ⁺ B lymphocyte for an incubation time of 1, 3 or 5 h were 51.1, 63.0, and 77.5% respectively, which were significantly higher than the phagocytosis rates in the control groups with 40.2, 50.9, and 63.8%, respectively. While the Fc fragment of IgM on the surface of opsonized E. tarda was blocked by rabbit anti-flounder IgM polyclonal antibodies, phagocytosis rates of mIgM ⁺ B lymphocyte decreased significantly compared with the unblocked group. Moreover, the proportion of mIgM ⁺ B lymphocytes with higher intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels rose to 32.1% from the control level of 23.0% after phagocytosis of antiserum-opsonized E. tarda . FcγRII and Syk were found to be significantly upregulated, while FcγRIII was significantly downregulated in the mIgM ⁺ B lymphocytes post phagocytosis. Furthermore, when FcγRII of mIgM ⁺ B lymphocytes was blocked by the prepared antibodies, their phagocytosis rate of antiserum-opsonized E. tarda was 39.0%, which was significantly lower than the unblocked group of 54.0%. These results demonstrate that FcR plays a critical role in mediating phagocytosis and bactericidal activity of mIgM ⁺ B lymphocytes, which would facilitate an improved understanding of the regulatory roles of FcR in phagocytosis of teleost B lymphocytes.
Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
(Copyright © 2021 Hao, Tang, Xing, Sheng, Chi and Zhan.)