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Precursors and correlates of transient and persistent longitudinal profiles of psychotic experiences from late childhood through early adulthood.

Authors :
Rammos A
Sullivan SA
Kounali D
Jones HJ
Hammerton G
Hines LA
Lewis G
Jones PB
Cannon M
Thompson A
Wolke D
Heron J
Zammit S
Source :
The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science [Br J Psychiatry] 2021 Oct 06, pp. 1-9. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Oct 06.
Publication Year :
2021
Publisher :
Ahead of Print

Abstract

Background: Psychotic experiences are reported by 5-10% of young people, although only a minority persist and develop into psychotic disorders. It is unclear what characteristics differentiate those with transient psychotic experiences from those with persistent psychotic experiences that are more likely to be of clinical relevance.<br />Aims: To investigate how longitudinal profiles of psychotic experiences, created from assessments at three different time points, are influenced by early life and co-occurring factors.<br />Method: Using data from 8045 individuals from a birth cohort study, longitudinal profiles of psychotic experiences based on semi-structured interviews conducted at 12, 18 and 24 years were defined. Environmental, cognitive, psychopathological and genetic determinants of these profiles were investigated, along with concurrent changes in psychopathology and cognition.<br />Results: Following multiple imputations, the distribution of longitudinal profiles of psychotic experiences was none (65.7%), transient (24.1%), low-frequency persistent (8.4%) and high-frequency persistent (1.7%). Individuals with high-frequency persistent psychotic experiences were more likely to report traumatic experiences, other psychopathology, a more externalised locus of control, reduced emotional stability and conscientious personality traits in childhood, compared with those with transient psychotic experiences. These characteristics also differed between those who had any psychotic experiences and those who did not.<br />Conclusions: These findings indicate that the same risk factors are associated with incidence as with persistence of psychotic experiences. Thus, it might be that the severity of exposure, rather than the presence of specific disease-modifying factors, is most likely to determine whether psychotic experiences are transient or persist, and potentially develop into a clinical disorder over time.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
1472-1465
Database :
MEDLINE
Journal :
The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
35049488
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2021.145