Contextualising evidence based medicine in determining the key root for translational effectiveness for chronic disease self-management and heart failure.

Background: Congestive heart failure (CHF) management has proven devastating on morbidity, mortality, quality of life and also costly to health systems. Therapeutics for CHF have advanced and benefited greatly due to large multicentre randomised controlled trials and the evidence obtained from them. Management for chronic diseases and nonpharmaceutical therapies such as chronic disease self-management has lagged, and for CHF the evidence base has even been questioned.
Methods: Perspective and non systematic mini review.
Conclusions: Advancing translational research standards is important to achieve optimal cost effectiveness. Importantly is understanding evidence generation in medicine, identifying the primary roots for management and its translation.
Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
(© 2022 The Author(s). Published by IMR Press.)