Micro RNAs as potential biomarkers in tuberculosis: A systematic review.

Authors :: Pattnaik B
Patnaik N
Mittal S
Mohan A
Agrawal A
Guleria R
Madan K
Source :: Non-coding RNA research [Noncoding RNA Res] 2022 Jan 01; Vol. 7 (1), pp. 16-26. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Jan 01 (Print Publication: 2022).
Publication Year :: 2022
Abstract: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major infectious disease across the globe. With increasing TB infections and a rise in multi-drug resistance, rapid diagnostic modalities are required to achieve TB control. Radiological investigations and microbiological tests (microscopic examination, cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification tests, and cultures) are most commonly used to diagnose TB. Histopathological/cytopathological examinations are also required for an accurate diagnosis in many patients. The causative agent, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), is known to circumvent the host's immune system. Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in biological pathways and can be used as a potential biomarker to detect tuberculosis. miRNAs are small non-coding RNAs and negatively regulate gene expression during post-transcriptional regulation. The differential expression of miRNAs in multiple clinical samples in tuberculosis patients may be helpful as potential disease biomarkers. This review summarizes the literature on miRNAs in various clinical samples as biomarkers for TB diagnosis.<br />Competing Interests: None.<br /> (© 2022 The Authors.)