Parashewanella hymeniacidonis sp. nov., isolated from marine sponge ( Hymeniacidon sinapium ).

A flagella bacterium, designated strain 202IG2-18 ^T was isolated from a marine sponge Hymeniacidon sinapium from Ulleung-do in the Republic of Korea. Cells were Gram-stain-negative, motile, aerobic, rod-shaped and non-pigmented. The strain was able to grow at pH 5.5-9.5 (optimum, pH 7.5), in the presence of 1-5 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 3 %, w/v) and at 18-30 °C (optimum, 30 °C). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain 202IG2-18 ^T belonged to the family Shewanellaceae , and was most closely related to [ Shewanella ] irciniae NRRL B-41466 ^T (97.9 %), followed by Parashewanella tropica KCCM 43304 ^T (97.1 %), Parashewanella curva KCTC 62318 ^T (96.3 %) and Parashewanella spongiae KCTC 22492 ^T (96.2 %). The predominant fatty acids were iso-C _15 : 0 (25.7 %), C _17 : 1  ω 8 c (13.5 %), summed feature 3 (C _16 : 1  ω 7 c and/or C _16 : 1  ω 6 c , 12.7 %), iso-C _13 : 0 (10.4 %) and C _16 : 0 (9.6 %). The only detected respiratory quinone was ubiquinone Q-8. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, three unidentified glycolipids, two unidentified aminophospholipids, an unidentified phospholipid and an unidentified aminolipid. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 39.8 mol%. The average nucleotide identity values compared to all other related species was below 72.8 % and digital DNA-DNA hybridization values were 21.1-22.3 %, all below the threshold for bacterial species delineation. Phenotypic, phylogenetic, genomic and chemotaxonomic characteristics showed that strain 202IG2-18 ^T represents a novel species of the genus Parashewanella , for which the name Parashewanella hymeniacidonis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 202IG2-18 ^T (=KACC 22256 ^T =LMG 32203 ^T ).