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Review of Clostridium difficile-associated diseases.
- Source :
-
American journal of infection control [Am J Infect Control] 1986 Jun; Vol. 14 (3), pp. 99-109. - Publication Year :
- 1986
-
Abstract
- Clostridium difficile has recently become recognized as an important nosocomial pathogen. This review summarizes what is known about the isolation of the organism, the spectrum of clinical disease, virulence factors, treatments, and methods of prevention. Risk factors for C. difficile disease are also discussed. The most important risk factor is the use of certain antibiotics (ampicillin, cephalosporins, and clindamycin). C. difficile is associated with 96% to 100% of cases of pseudomembraneous colitis, 60% to 75% of antibiotic-associated cases of colitis, and 11% to 33% of antibiotic-associated cases of diarrhea. Other risk factors include gastrointestinal manipulations, advanced age, female sex, inflammatory bowel disease, cancer chemotherapy, and renal disorders. Hospital outbreaks of C. difficile disease are examined. Data from nosocomial outbreaks support transmission of C. difficile by contaminated fomites and hand carriage by hospital personnel.
- Subjects :
- Age Factors
Anti-Bacterial Agents adverse effects
Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use
Antineoplastic Agents adverse effects
Clinical Laboratory Techniques
Clostridium pathogenicity
Clostridium Infections chemically induced
Clostridium Infections diagnosis
Clostridium Infections etiology
Colitis drug therapy
Colitis etiology
Colitis prevention & control
Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous drug therapy
Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous etiology
Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous prevention & control
Female
Gastrointestinal Diseases therapy
Humans
Iatrogenic Disease transmission
Kidney Diseases etiology
Male
Middle Aged
Risk
Sex Factors
Virulence
Clostridium Infections complications
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 0196-6553
- Volume :
- 14
- Issue :
- 3
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- American journal of infection control
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 3524319
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/0196-6553(86)90018-0