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A Longitudinal Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Responses Among People With HIV.
- Source :
-
Frontiers in medicine [Front Med (Lausanne)] 2022 Mar 07; Vol. 9, pp. 768138. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Mar 07 (Print Publication: 2022). - Publication Year :
- 2022
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Abstract
- Background: The concentration and duration of antibodies (Ab) to SARS-CoV-2 infection predicts the severity of the disease and the clinical outcomes. Older people and those with HIV have impaired immune responses, worse outcomes after SARS-CoV-2 infection, and lower antibody responses after viral infection and vaccination. This study evaluated an Ab response to SARS-CoV-2 in people with HIV (PWH) and without HIV (HIV-) and its association with age.<br />Methods: A total of 23 COVID+PWH and 21 COVID+HIV- participants were followed longitudinally for 6 months post-mild COVID-19. Immunoglobin G (IgG) and immunoglobin M (IgM) Ab responses were measured by an in-house developed ELISA. Time points and HIV status interaction were analyzed using Poisson generalized estimating equations, and correlations were analyzed using non-parametric tests.<br />Results: Median age in PWH was 55 years with 28.6% women, while in the HIV- group was 36 years with 60.9% women. The mean time from COVID-19 diagnosis to study enrollment was 16 days for PWH and 11 days for HIV-. The mean CD4+ T-cell count/μl for PWH was 772.10 (±365.21). SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG were detected at all time points and Ab response levels did not differ by HIV status ( p > 0.05). At entry, age showed a weak direct association with IgG responses (ρ = 0.44, p < 0.05) in HIV- but did not show any association in PWH. Similar associations between age, IgG, and HIV status emerged at day 14 (T1; ρ = 0.50, p < 0.05), 3 months (T3; ρ = 0.50, p < 0.05), and 6 months visit (T4; ρ = 0.78, p < 0.05) in the HIV- group.<br />Conclusion: The Ab responses in the 6-month post-SARS-CoV-2 infection did not differ by HIV status, though a positive association was found between age and Ab response in older PWH. Results suggest that immune protection and vaccine responses are similar for PWH than for those without HIV infection.<br />Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.<br /> (Copyright © 2022 Alcaide, Nogueira, Salazar, Montgomerie, Rodriguez, Raccamarich, Barreto, McGaugh, Sharkey, Mantero, Rodriguez, Beauchamps and Jones.)
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 2296-858X
- Volume :
- 9
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Frontiers in medicine
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 35330585
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.768138