Seldom one and done: Characterizing rates of reoperation with direct-to-implant breast reconstruction after mastectomy.

Background: Limited data exist outlining reoperations after direct-to-implant (DTI), tissue expander (TE) and autologous free-flap breast reconstruction.
Methods: Patients undergoing mastectomy with reconstruction from 2008 to 18 were reviewed. Patient factors, surgical techniques, planned, unplanned, and total reoperations were analyzed.
Results: Among 544 total patients, the majority underwent DTI (294, 54%) or TE (176, 32%); 74 (14%) received autologous free-flaps. Majority of DTI patients (55%) underwent subsequent reoperations. Compared to autologous tissue, DTI had less patients undergo additional surgery (76% vs. 55%, P = 0.001). Incidence of total unplanned reoperations did not significantly differ between reconstructive groups. The rate of unplanned reoperations due to complications was lowest for DTI (39%) when compared to TE (48%) and autologous (55%, P = 0.015). Compared to TE, DTI carried a lower risk for ≥2 total reoperations (OR = 0.21, 95% CI 0.13-0.33, P < 0.001).
Conclusions: Seldom "one and done," additional surgery after DTI remains significant.
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