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Incremental Effects of Subsequent Concussions on Cognitive Symptoms in the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool.

Authors :
Chen J
Oddson B
Skrinar H
Source :
Clinical journal of sport medicine : official journal of the Canadian Academy of Sport Medicine [Clin J Sport Med] 2022 Nov 01; Vol. 32 (6), pp. e568-e572. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Apr 21.
Publication Year :
2022

Abstract

Objective: Patients who are fully recovered from a concussion may still be more vulnerable in the face of subsequent concussions. This study examines symptoms associated with repeated concussions in young and otherwise healthy adults.<br />Design: Cross sectional.<br />Setting: Institutional study at a university setting.<br />Participants: University students with a history of concussion.<br />Independent Variables: Participants were grouped based on numbers of concussions.<br />Main Outcome Measures: The impact of incremental concussion on symptom clusters in Sport Concussion Assessment Tools 5 and Spearman ranking correlation coefficients between symptom clusters.<br />Results: One hundred thirty-five participants reported having had 1 concussion, 63 reported 2 concussions, 50 reported 3 concussions, and 43 reported 4 to 6 concussions. Total severity scores over the range of concussion number (1, 2, 3, and greater than 3) did not show a clear incremental effect. However, average scores of cognitive symptoms rose with each subsequent concussion ( P ≤ 0.05). The largest incremental effect observed was that of second concussions on emotional symptom scores (t = 5.85, P < 0.01). Symptoms in the emotional and cognitive clusters were the most correlated regardless of the number of reported concussions; the correlations were lowest with symptoms associated with sensitivity to light or noise.<br />Conclusions: The incremental rise of cognitive symptom scores with each concussion affirms the importance of cognitive impairment in concussion assessment and implies a cumulative brain vulnerability that persists even after symptom resolution. The cognitive-emotional symptom clusters may reflect underlying concussion-induced impairments in the corticostriatothalamocortical (CSTC) networks, although sensitivity symptoms are potentially attributable to different neural correlates.<br />Competing Interests: The authors report no conflicts of interest.<br /> (Copyright © 2022 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
1536-3724
Volume :
32
Issue :
6
Database :
MEDLINE
Journal :
Clinical journal of sport medicine : official journal of the Canadian Academy of Sport Medicine
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
35447628
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1097/JSM.0000000000001042