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Folate intake and incident chronic kidney disease: a 30-year follow-up study from young adulthood to midlife.
- Source :
-
The American journal of clinical nutrition [Am J Clin Nutr] 2022 Aug 04; Vol. 116 (2), pp. 599-607. - Publication Year :
- 2022
-
Abstract
- Background: The relation of long-term dietary folate intake with incident chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains uncertain.<br />Objectives: We aimed to investigate the association between dietary folate intake and incident CKD in a 30-y follow-up study from young adulthood to midlife.<br />Methods: A total of 4038 American adults aged 18-30 y and without reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were enrolled in 1985-1986 and monitored until 2015-2016 in the CARDIA (Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults) study. Diet was assessed by a validated dietary history questionnaire at baseline, in 1992-1993, and in 2005-2006. The primary outcome was incident CKD, defined as an eGFR <60 mL · min-1 · 1.73 m-2 or a urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR) ≥30 mg/g. The secondary outcomes included 1) incident decreased eGFR, defined as an eGFR <60 mL · min-1 · 1.73 m-2, and 2) incident albuminuria, defined as an ACR ≥30 mg/g.<br />Results: During the follow-up, 642 (15.9%) participants developed CKD. Overall, there was a significant L-shaped relation of dietary folate with incident CKD after adjustment for potential confounders. Compared with the lowest quintile of total folate intake, the multivariable-adjusted HRs (95% CIs) in quintiles 2-5 for incident CKD were 0.69 (0.56, 0.85), 0.35 (0.27, 0.45), 0.34 (0.26, 0.45), and 0.39 (0.30, 0.51), respectively. Similar results were found for the secondary outcomes. Moreover, the L-shaped association was confirmed in a subset of the cohort (n = 1462) with serum folate measured at baseline, in 1992, and in 2000.<br />Conclusions: Higher folate intake in young adulthood was longitudinally associated with a lower incidence of CKD later in life. Additional studies are warranted to establish the causal inference.<br /> (© The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Society for Nutrition.)
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1938-3207
- Volume :
- 116
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- The American journal of clinical nutrition
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 35460222
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqac109