Rotenone mediated developmental toxicity in Drosophila melanogaster.

Rotenone (ROT) is a widely used natural pesticide, and its effect on growth and developmental toxicity remain unclear. In the present study, the effects of ROT exposure on the reproductive structure and function of the female Drosophila melanogaster and third instar larvae were investigated. ROT exposure on female Drosophila melanogaster resulted in developmental inhibition and ovarian abnormality, which were evident from the disruptive growth of border cells as well as morphological changes in the orientation of nurse cells during the 9th-10th stage of developing egg chamber of in the Drosophila ovary. Other abnormalities, such as, altered developmental gene expression (Osk, Grk, Nos, Bic-d), inhibition in the kinesin motor protein level (KIF-5B), increased caspases activities (Caspase 3, 8, & 9) and apoptosis were also observed. Subsequently, ROT treated larvae exhibited behavioral deficits and delay in developmental time. The above findings demonstrate that the exposure of ROT causes developmental toxicity in Drosophila melanogaster.
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