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Chapare Hemorrhagic Fever and Virus Detection in Rodents in Bolivia in 2019.

Authors :
Loayza Mafayle R
Morales-Betoulle ME
Romero C
Cossaboom CM
Whitmer S
Alvarez Aguilera CE
Avila Ardaya C
Cruz Zambrana M
Dávalos Anajia A
Mendoza Loayza N
Montaño AM
Morales Alvis FL
Revollo Guzmán J
Sasías Martínez S
Alarcón De La Vega G
Medina Ramírez A
Molina Gutiérrez JT
Cornejo Pinto AJ
Salas Bacci R
Brignone J
Garcia J
Añez A
Mendez-Rico J
Luz K
Segales A
Torrez Cruz KM
Valdivia-Cayoja A
Amman BR
Choi MJ
Erickson BR
Goldsmith C
Graziano JC
Joyce A
Klena JD
Leach A
Malenfant JH
Nichol ST
Patel K
Sealy T
Shoemaker T
Spiropoulou CF
Todres A
Towner JS
Montgomery JM
Source :
The New England journal of medicine [N Engl J Med] 2022 Jun 16; Vol. 386 (24), pp. 2283-2294.
Publication Year :
2022

Abstract

Background: In June 2019, the Bolivian Ministry of Health reported a cluster of cases of hemorrhagic fever that started in the municipality of Caranavi and expanded to La Paz. The cause of these cases was unknown.<br />Methods: We obtained samples for next-generation sequencing and virus isolation. Human and rodent specimens were tested by means of virus-specific real-time quantitative reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction assays, next-generation sequencing, and virus isolation.<br />Results: Nine cases of hemorrhagic fever were identified; four of the patients with this illness died. The etiologic agent was identified as Mammarenavirus Chapare mammarenavirus , or Chapare virus (CHAPV), which causes Chapare hemorrhagic fever (CHHF). Probable nosocomial transmission among health care workers was identified. Some patients with CHHF had neurologic manifestations, and those who survived had a prolonged recovery period. CHAPV RNA was detected in a variety of human body fluids (including blood; urine; nasopharyngeal, oropharyngeal, and bronchoalveolar-lavage fluid; conjunctiva; and semen) and in specimens obtained from captured small-eared pygmy rice rats ( Oligoryzomys microtis ). In survivors of CHHF, viral RNA was detected up to 170 days after symptom onset; CHAPV was isolated from a semen sample obtained 86 days after symptom onset.<br />Conclusions: M. Chapare mammarenavirus was identified as the etiologic agent of CHHF. Both spillover from a zoonotic reservoir and possible person-to-person transmission were identified. This virus was detected in a rodent species, O. microtis . (Funded by the Bolivian Ministry of Health and others.).<br /> (Copyright © 2022 Massachusetts Medical Society.)

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
1533-4406
Volume :
386
Issue :
24
Database :
MEDLINE
Journal :
The New England journal of medicine
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
35704480
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2110339