[Effect of fascia iliaca compartment block on anterolateral small incision total hip arthroplasty].

Objective: To compare the effects of simple intraspinal anesthesia and combined fascia iliaca compartment block(FICB) on total hip arthroplasty(THA) through anterior lateral small incision (orthop dische chirurgie München, OCM).
Methods: From January 2019 to October 2020, patients undergoing unilateral total hip arthroplasty were treated with intraspinal anesthesia combined with ultrasound-guided fascia iliaca compartment block(30 cases in group A) and simple intraspinal anesthesia(30 cases in group B). Two groups were treated with the same intravenous analgesia after operation. The operation time, the amount of bleeding, the peeling degree of middle gluteal muscle, the splitting of greater trochanter of femur, the visual analysis scale (VAS) of hip joint after operation, the abductor muscle strength of quadriceps femoris and hip joint before and 48 hours after operation, and the Harris score of hip joint function after operation were observed and compared between two groups.
Results: All patients were followed up for 48 to 62 weeks with an average of (54.2±4.0) weeks. The incision length, operation time and intraoperative bleeding in group A were significantly lower than those in group B ( P <0.05). The level of hemoglobin 24 hours after operation in group A was significantly higher than that in group B ( P <0.05). The abductor muscle strength of hip joint in group A was significantly higher than that in group B 48 hours after operation ( P <0.05). The degree of middle gluteal muscle dissection in group A was significantly lower than that in group B ( P <0.05). The VAS of group A at 8, 12 and 24 hours after operation was significantly lower than that of group B ( P <0.05);The Harris score in group A was significantly higher than that in group B at 2 and 8 weeks after operation ( P <0.05).
Conclusion: The application of ultrasound-guided fascia iliaca compartment block in lateral position OCM approach THA can significantly shorten the operation time, reduce the amount of bleeding, reduce the perihip trauma such as the peeling of middle gluteal muscle during operation, and improve the early postoperative pain of patients, which is conducive to the clinical operation of OCM approach and the rapid postoperative recovery of patients.