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Origination of LTR Retroelement-Derived NYNRIN Coincides with Therian Placental Emergence.
- Source :
-
Molecular biology and evolution [Mol Biol Evol] 2022 Sep 01; Vol. 39 (9). - Publication Year :
- 2022
-
Abstract
- The emergence of the placenta is a revolutionary event in the evolution of therian mammals, to which some LTR retroelement-derived genes, such as PEG10, RTL1, and syncytin, are known to contribute. However, therian genomes contain many more LTR retroelement-derived genes that may also have contributed to placental evolution. We conducted large-scale evolutionary genomic and transcriptomic analyses to comprehensively search for LTR retroelement-derived genes whose origination coincided with therian placental emergence and that became consistently expressed in therian placentae. We identified NYNRIN as another Ty3/Gypsy LTR retroelement-derived gene likely to contribute to placental emergence in the therian stem lineage. NYNRIN knockdown inhibited the invasion of HTR8/SVneo invasive-type trophoblasts, whereas the knockdown of its nonretroelement-derived homolog KHNYN did not. Functional enrichment analyses suggested that NYNRIN modulates trophoblast invasion by regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition and extracellular matrix remodeling and that the ubiquitin-proteasome system is responsible for the functional differences between NYNRIN and KHNYN. These findings extend our knowledge of the roles of LTR retroelement-derived genes in the evolution of therian mammals.<br /> (© The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution.)
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1537-1719
- Volume :
- 39
- Issue :
- 9
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Molecular biology and evolution
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 35959649
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msac176